Biography of Mahatma Gandhi | Mahatma Gandhi Life Story in Short
Biography of Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma
Gandhi Full Name Mohandas Karamchand
Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869,
in Porbandar, Gujarat, India. Mohandas belongs to the social caste of traders.
His mother was illiterate, but her common sense and religious devotion had a
lasting effect on Gandhi's character.
As a young
man, Mohandas was a good student, but the shy young man showed no signs of
leadership. After the death of his father, Mohandas went to England for a law
degree. He joined the vegetarian community and was once asked to translate the
Hindu Bhagavad Gita. This classic of
Hindu literature made Gandhi proud in Indian texts, including the Gita pearl.
During this
time he also studied the Bible and was influenced by the teachings of Jesus
Christ, with a special emphasis on humility and forgiveness. He adhered to the
Bible and the Bhagavad Gita throughout his life, although he was critical of
both religions.
After
completing his law degree, Gandhi returned to India, where he was soon deported
to South Africa for his legal practice. In South Africa, Gandhi was shocked by
racism and the injustice that Indians often experience. Gandhi was the first to
launch civil disobedience and protest campaigns in South Africa; He called his
non-violent protest a Satyagraha.
Despite
being in prison for a short time, he supported the British under certain
circumstances. He was decorated by the British for his work during the Boer War
and the Zulu Rebellion. After 21 years in South Africa, Gandhi returned to
India in 1915. Became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement campaigning
for Swaraj.
Gandhi
successfully instigated non-violent protests. This includes a national strike
of one or two days. The British demanded a ban on the protests but made it
harder to deal with the nature of the violent protests and strikes. Gandhi
encouraged his followers to practice internal discipline to prepare for
independence.
Gandhi said
that Indians should prove that they deserve freedom. This is in stark contrast
to independence leaders like Aurobindo Ghosh, who argued that Indian independence was not about whether India
would provide better or worse government, but that India had a right to
self-government.
Gandhi
clashed with others in the Indian independence movement, such as Subhash Chandra Bose, who suggested
direct action to overthrow the British. Gandhi often called off strikes and
non-violent protests when he heard that people were rioting or being associated
with violence.
In 1930,
Gandhi led a famous march across the sea in protest against the new Salt Acts.
At sea, he violated British rules and made his own salt. Several hundred people
were arrested and Indian jails were filled with followers of Indian
independence. However, at the height of the campaign, some Indian protesters killed
some British civilians, and as a result, Gandhi withdrew from the independence
movement.
It broke the
hearts of many Indians who were committed to independence. This led to
hardliners like Bhagat Singh campaigning for independence, which was particularly
strong in Bengal. After the war, Britain suggested that they give independence
to India. However, with the support of the Jinnah-led Muslims, the British
planned to divide India into two parts: India and Pakistan.
Gandhi
ideologically opposed partition. He worked hard to show that Muslims and Hindus
could live in peace. In their prayer meetings, Muslim prayers were recited
along with Hindu and Christian prayers. However, Gandhi agreed to partition and
spent Independence Day mourning for partition.
Even
Gandhi's fasts and appeals were not enough to stem the wave of religious
violence and murder that followed the Partition. Away from the politics of
Indian independence, Gandhi was a fierce critic of the Hindu caste system. In
particular, he protested against the "Untouchable Caste" that treats society with disgust. He launched several campaigns
to change the status of the untouchables. Although his campaigns met with much
resistance, they went a long way in replacing the centuries-old bias
At the age
of 78, Gandhi undertook another fast to try to stop the assassinations. 5 days
later, the leaders agreed to stop the killing. But ten days later Gandhi was
shot dead by a Hindu Brahmin in protest of his support for Muslims and
untouchables. Gandhi was a truth seeker. Gandhi said that seeing God was the
greatest goal in his life. He sought to worship God and to promote religious
understanding.
Conclusion:
Gandhi was
inspired by many religions: Jainism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and
Buddhism, incorporating them into his philosophy. On several occasions, he used
religious practices and fasting as part of his political policy. Gandhi
realized that personal examples could influence public opinion.
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